Dan Anco Clemson Notes July 14 Peanut Notes No. 135 2021

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More than one way to skin a cat, more than one reason a patch of peanuts can be dead in a field. Drowned in a bottom, struck by lightning, killed by disease, terminated by herbicide, and other woes… Zinc toxicity can also be fatally toxic. Aside from a soil test report indicating elevated levels, visual symptoms of zinc toxicity include small dead brown plants where levels are highest, and in areas less toxic the peanuts can start to grow but begin to show split stems either near the crown or higher up above the ground with poorly developed root systems. Pictures from two different fields are attached. The only thing to do in these cases is to make a note going forward. Zn toxicity is common on old building sites, where galvanized roofs once were, or where heavy poultry litter applications have been used or where fertilizer with metal filings was applied. If the field has been planted to peanut before, and this is the first time toxicity symptoms are showing up, the reason for this can be a little more difficult to pinpoint. Sometimes, if the zinc levels are marginally toxic for the pH, some liming prior to planting can be used to raise the pH and decrease its availability, but there is a limit to how much we can do.
Soil with:
Zn 6 to 10 lb/A can be limed to 6.2 pH
Zn 11 to 20 lb/A can be limed to 6.4 pH
Zn 21 to 30 lb/A can be limed to 6.5 pH
Zn over 30 not recommended.
Cylindrocladium black rot can also cause the taproot to appear split, but in those cases, the splitting is less superficial and more severe and black, allowing the taproot to be wiggled apart following its loss of structural integrity.
Also attached are pictures comparing some of the newer runners for growth. On farm, 297 appears to have a faster early season take off compared to 331 and 16HO. 16HO is still faster growing compared to 06G. Later in the growing season, the center stem for 331 becomes more prominent.
Quick reminder to save the date for the Peanut and Agronomic Crop Field Day at Edisto REC in Blackville on Thursday, September 2nd.
Dan Anco

Extension Peanut Specialist and Associate Professor

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences

Clemson University – Edisto Research and Education Center

64 Research Road

Blackville, SC 29817

630-207-4926 cell

danco@clemson.edu

Clemson Extension – Peanuts